Glycosides are
formed by elimination of water between the anomeric hydroxyl of
a cyclic monosaccharide and the hydroxyl
group of another compound (see here).
Glycosides do not undergo mutarotation (see here)
in the absence of an acid catalyst, so they remain locked in the
or
configuration. (Remember that
the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon can undergo a change
in orientation from the
to
position, or
vice versa. This change is called mutarotation). Glycosidic
bonds are very common in plant and animal tissues. Many glycosides
are known. Some, such as ouabain
or amygdalin (Figure
9.15) are very poisonous. Others, such as the common oligosaccarides
and polysaccharides found in our cells, are not.